Mechanism for the drawing of textile rovings



May 20 1924. 1,494,991

F. CASABLANCAS MECHANISM FOR THE DRAWING OF' TEXTILE ROVI'NGS Filed Feb. 19. 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet l 'May 20, 1924. V 1,494,991

F. CASABLANCAS MECHANISM FOR THE DRAWING OF TEXTILE ROVINGS Filed Feb. 19. 1921 l a Sheets-,Sheet 2 Elmmfilanba; 9 WM .May 20. 1924. 1,494,991

F. CASABLANCAS Filed Feb. .19. 1921 3 Sheets-$11961; 5

l'awa/zflanlw Patented Me 20, 1924.

UNITED STATES FERNANDO CASABLANCAS, OF SABADELL, SPAIN.

MECHANISM FOR THE DRAWING OF TEXTILE ROV'INGS.

application. filed February 19, 1921. Serial No. 446,400}.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, FERNANDO CASABLAN- (ass, a subject of the King of Spain, residing at Sabadell, Spain, have invented cer- 5 tom new and useful Improvements in Mechanism for the Drawing of Textile Rovings; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled W in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in mechanism for drawing textile rovings of a well known type in which the roving is .5 led to the drawing cylinders by endless belts.

The object of my invention is to provide a mechanism of this type which is simple and strong in construction, reliable in operation, easy to handle, and devoid of the troubles that are encountered in other apparatus.

In present mechanisms for drawing textile rovings, the leading of the roving to the drawing cylinders is effected by'means of a pair of endless belts or else by a single belt which slides over a fixed plate or over a series of idle rollers. The roving passes between the two belts or between the belt 0 and the fixed plate or rollers to the drawing cylinders, at the same time its fibres being held back in order to obtain a good drawing action.

These known apparatus, even though they 5 give excellent results, present in practice certain disadvantages. In the ap aratus with two belts, the lower belt is di cult to get at and, if it breaks during the work, it is diflicult to replace it without interruptr ing the working of the machine.

In the apparatus with one belt and one plate or a series of cylinders, this disadvantage is obviated, as the lower belt is done away with, but on the other hand api paratus as constructed up to the present time possesses the disadvantage that the leading of the roving to the drawing cylinders.

is effected irregularly and under bad conditions. In the apparatus of this class, for b example in that described in my former U. S. Patent No. 1254391, the plate is fixed and the belt moves, sliding over the plate, being operated by a pair of cylinders which work over the rear portions of the belt, that is to say over the part farthest from the drawing cylinders. The part of the belt which'slides over the plate, moves forwards from the rear part and as this belt has to be of a sufficiently flexible material and, .in orderto advance, has to overcome the fric- 6 tion which the plate offers to it and the resistance which the belt itself offers to curving at its foremost end nearest the drawing cylinders, the result is that very frequently that part of the belt, which to secure the best results should be in contact with the plate, becomes raised at its central part forming a curve and is brought out of contact with the plate. When this happens, the movement of the belt is absorbed in the curve which the belt forms, and its front part, which is finally the part which delivers the roving to the drawing cylinders, suffers a diminution of velocity for the moment which as is natural produces an irregularity in the feed of the roving and thereby a'defeet in the resulting yarn.

These disadvantages are completely avoided by the apparatus of my presentinvention in which I combine with the pair of 80 cylinders which drive the belt in the usual way, working on the rear part thereof, a cylinder which drives the belt and acts! on the front part of it. In this way it follows that the lower part of the belt, along which the roving creeps, is not only pushed forward by the rear part, but is rather pulled along by the front part and this movement, applied to the front part of the belt, ensures its exact movement and the regular delivery of the roving to the drawing cylinders, a greater regularity in the yarn being thereby obtained.

When very short fibres are spun, it suffices to employ merely the pair of cylinders which communicate movement to the endless belt from its rear part and the cylinder which drives it at its front part, without its being necessary to employ between one and the other any device for supporting the fibres of the roving, but when longer fibres are treated, I may arrange, between the pair of cylinders at therear and the one at the front, a plate or one or more cylinders for the support of the roving to hold it properly taut. If cylinders be employed, one or more of them may have an individual movement imparted to them to aid in the driving of the front cylinder.

In order to obtain with greater certainty a good creeping action of the front part of length, the first with a feed plate for the fibres and the second with a feed roller. I I

Figures 4 and 5, show similar diagrams of two modifications of the mechanism adapted for the treatment of very long 'fibre's.

,Figures 6 and 7 represent in transverse section'two practical constructional forms of the mechanism.

In these last figures the mechanism is shown as provided with'a support for guiding the belt as is described in my former U. S. Patent No. 1,240,670, and in Figure 6 is also shown a device for reducing the width of the roving, which is the subject matter of my former U. S. Patent No. 1,313,164.

Referring to Figure 1, the mechanism com-' prises a pair of drawing cylinders 1, 2, similarto those usually employed and a pair of cylinders 3, 4 which produces the movement of the belt 5, and the feed of the roving 12. The belt 5 is arranged about the upper cylinder 3 and is guided by the spindle 6 in a manner similar to that described in said Patent Number 1,254,391, the spindle 6 being disposed by itself or combined with a plate 6 'which bears on the forward end at the upper part of the belt.

The cylinder 4'has imparted to it peripheral speed which is less than that of the drawing cylinder 2. The cylinder 3 bears by its own weight or by a'pressnre mechanism of a; suitable kind on the cylinder 4 and between them boththey produce a powerful pressure on the belt 5 and the roving 12 which compels same to advance according to the movement of the cylinder 4.

In order to-insure that the lower run 15 y of the belt 5 shall always move throughout its entire length with the speed which the cylinders 3 and 4 impart to it, there is arranged at the front part of themechanism near the drawing cylinder 2, a cylinder 8 on which bears the front lower portion of the belt 5. --This cylinder 8 receives through gear wheels or through some other medium meager a rotary motion at a peripheral speed which is equal to or slightly greater than that of the cylinder 4. The guide spindle 6 of the belt is arranged in such a way that it bears on a portion of the upper run of the belt above the cylinder 8 andexerts pressure on is slightly greater than that of the cylinder 4.

\Vhen the fibres'which are to be treated are of greater length and require a greater separation between the drawmg cylinders, 1,

2 and the feeders 3, 4 there may be arranged between the cylinder 4 and the cylinder 8 a plate 7 on which the belt bears as is shown in Figure 2. The roving passes in this case between the plate 7 and the belt 5 and the plate helps to prevent the fibres. of the roving from separating and at the same time exerts by its friction retention thereon to a greater extent. If it be desired to avoid the friction of the roving on the plate, a roller 9 may be employed in the place of this latter as is shown in Figure 3.

If the length of the fibres is very great, it may be convenient to employ a belt 5 of great length and in this case in order to insure the positive movement of the lower run of the belt, it is convenient, as is shown-in Figure 4, to arrange between the cylinder 8 and the cylinder 4 one or more cylinders 38 which have a positive rotary movement imparted to them as in the case of the cylinder 8. In the spaces between the cylinders 4, 38 and 8 may be arranged plates 7 as shown in Figure 4 or cylinders 9 as shown in Figure 5, which may be simple bearing cylindcrs, or may have a positive rotary movement like the cylinder 38, upon the lower part of the belt I may combine cylinders 20 or other pressure means to press the belt against the cylinder 38.

' When in addition to the cylinder 8 other cylinders are employed to bear upon the belt, these cylinders may have an increasing speed imparted to them that is to say the cylinder nearest to the cylinder 4 will have a speed which is slightly greater than it, the one which follows it a. speed a little greater and so on in succession ..until the front cylinder 8 is reached which has the highest speed of rotation. These differences of speed must, of course, be very small since their object is solely to puttension on the roving and the lower part of the belt.

Figure 6 shows a constructional form of a practical kind of this mechanism provided with a supporting guide for the belt and a device for reducing the width of the roving. The whole of the mechanism is mounted on brackets 13 as in the usual spinning machines. On the cylinders 4 and 8 bears the support 10 which forms the subject matter of said Patent No. 1,240,670 and which acts as a guide for the belt in order to prevent it from creeping or slipping in a lateral direction and lifting the plate 7 and the spindles 6, which .act as guides for .the belt 5. The device 11 for reducing the width of the roving, which forms the subject matter of Patent No. 1,313,164, may be arranged in this case quite freely andmerely bearing on the cylinders 1 and 2 and 8, as during the working of the mechanism the reducing device 11 is guided in such a way by these cylinders that there is no possibility of its falling out of position.

For the purpose of preventing the reducing device 11 from being shifted b the movement of the cylinder 2 when the rawing cylinder 1 is raised and the cylinder 2 continues to rotate there is provided the tail 14 simply of a'loop of curved wire, the curvature of which is approximately according to the diameter of the cylinder 8 as is represented in the figure. In this way on drawing back the cylinder 1 the reducing device 11 can be drawn back by hand if convenientbut cannot move away of itself because the tail 14 encounters the cylinder 8 thus preventing the movement of the reducing device out of its place. v

The cylinder 8 may be of comparatively small diameter in order that the point of contact between it and the belt 5 can'be arranged near to the drawing cylinders, but in practice if there be adopted for this 0 linder the arrangement employed usually or machine and to communicate movement tothe cylinders 2 and 4, that is to say, to construct them in one piece or of different sections which extend the whole'length of the them at one end, it is not possible to reduce the diameter of the cylinder much because it must be thick to resist the forces of torsion to which it is subjected and if it is made too small in diameter it will twist thereby rendering its proper working impracticable.

In order to avoid this disadvantage, the arrangement shown in Figure 7 may .be

- adopted in which the cylinder 18 receives movement from a lower cylinder 19 by means of the gear wheels 28. 29, or simply 'l'he cylinder 19 may be of a.

by friction. suitable diameter so that it possesses the necessary resistance. may extend throughout the whole length of the machine and receive movement in the usual way through one of' its ends, while the cylinder 18 may rovings, a pair of extend at pleasure throughout the whole length of the machine or be constituted by a series of small cylinders each one of which contains one or more drawing mechanisms and receives movement by the aid of the cylinder 19.

In this way the cylinder 18 may be made of relatively small diameter and thus insure thatthe distance between the point of contact of the belt 5 and the cylinder 18 and i 1. In a drawing mechanism for textile rovings, a pair of drawing cylinders, an endless belt for feeding the roving to the drawing cylinders, a pair of belt driving cylinders engaged with the rear part of the belt, a positively rotated cylinder bearing against the front end of-the belt and beneath the same, and means to press the belt against said positively rotated cylinder.

2. In a drawing mechanism for" textile rovings, a pair of drawing cylinders, an

endless belt, a pair of cylinders both engaging with the rear portion of the belt and acting to drive the same, the rovin adapted to pass between the belt and one 0 said cylinders, a third cylinder positively rotated and bearing beneath the forward portion of the belt, and means to press the belt against the last named cylinder.

3. In a drawin mechanism for textile drawing cylinders, an endless belt, a pair of cylinders engaging with the rear portion of the belt-and actin to drive the same, a positively rotated by inder bearing against the under side of the belt near its forward portion and adjacent the drawing cylinders, the roving adapted -to pass between the belt and said positively rotated cylinder, supporting means for the belt adjacent said positively rotated cylinder, and means to press the belt/against the Y cylinders engaging with the rear portion "0 the belt and acting to drive the same, a cylinder positively rotated through gears and bearing against the lower run. of the belt near its forward end and means for exerting pressure upon the upper front end of the belt. 5. In a drawing mechanism fortextile rovings, a pair of drawing cylinders, an endless belt for feeding the roving to the drawfor causing the belt to bear against said ing cylinders, a pair of belt-driving positively rotated cylinder. 10 cylinders engaged with the rear portion In testimony whereof I aflix my signature. of the belt, a positively rotated cylinder FERNANDO CASABLANCAS placed near the drawing cylinders and engaging beneath the lower run of said Witnesses:

belt at its forward end and a rod above the (ONSTAXTIXE DIEPZYLID, forward part of the upper run of the belt A. M, VAILLE. 

